A city with time-worn remnants of an archaic era of mighty warriors and mightier kings; the ancient city of Polonnaruwa welcomes you to experience the splendor of antiquity! One of Sri Lanka’s most treasured historical sites, Polonnaruwa stands as a proud remnant of a civilization that flourished between the 11th and 13th centuries, showcasing the architectural brilliance and artistic mastery of its time.
Located in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, Polonnaruwa is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that holds the essence of the island’s medieval legacy as it’s second oldest historical city. Pollonaruwa experiences a dry climate for most of the year, with the period from April to September being notably arid. This ancient capital is home to a multitude of well-preserved ruins, stunning stone carvings, and monumental stupas that tell the tale of a bygone era of prosperity. The city’s historical significance is prominently reflected in its grand landmarks such as the Royal Palace complex, the towering Rankoth Vehera, and the sacred Gal Vihara, a masterpiece of rock-carved Buddha statues. These remarkable ruins, surrounded by lush greenery and shimmering reservoirs, provide a breathtaking sight that transports visitors back in time.
No visit to Polonnaruwa is complete without exploring its most celebrated attraction: the Gal Vihara. This site, adorned with four magnificent Buddha statues carved into a single granite rock face, is a testament to the advanced craftsmanship of ancient Sri Lankan artisans. The serene expressions on these statues evoke a sense of peace and spirituality, making it a must-visit location for history enthusiasts and devotees alike. Another iconic marvel is the Vatadage, a circular relic house known for its intricately carved moonstone and guard stones, offering a glimpse into the city’s artistic heritage.
Beyond the ancient ruins, Polonnaruwa is also home to the vast Parakrama Samudraya, an expansive man-made reservoir built by King Parakramabahu I, who is considered as one of the most significant former rulers of ancient Sri lanka. This colossal body of water, often referred to as the ‘Sea of Parakrama,’ not only highlights the advanced irrigation techniques of the past but also serves as a tranquil setting for nature lovers. Birdwatchers will find delight in the area, as the reservoir attracts numerous species, including pelicans and cormorants, adding to the serene ambiance of the city. For those seeking a more immersive experience, the Polonnaruwa Archaeological Museum offers detailed insights into the city’s history and grandeur. The well-curated exhibits include ancient artifacts, sculptures, and informative displays that paint a vivid picture of the kingdom’s glorious past. Additionally, a leisurely bicycle ride through the ruins allows visitors to absorb the beauty of Polonnaruwa at their own pace while enjoying the rustic charm of the surroundings.
Polonnaruwa is not just about history; it also offers an authentic taste of Sri Lankan cuisine. The local eateries serve an array of delicious dishes, with rice and curry reigning supreme. Polonnaruwa’s signature wood apple juice is a refreshing treat that perfectly complements the warm climate. For a more traditional experience, visitors can enjoy a meal by the paddy fields, indulging in home-cooked delicacies that reflect the island’s rich culinary heritage. Pollonaruwa makes the perfect destination to experience the native beauty of rural Sri Lanka as you go on your day witnessing the welcoming townsfolk and their lifestyle.
For those planning a visit, the months from December to April are considered the best, as the weather is relatively cooler and more suitable for exploration. Even though bathed in the heat of the arid heart of Sri Lanka, Pollonaruwa invites you to experience ancient architectural innovation and a robust heritage too rich to miss out on!
